Earthquakes

An earthquake is a vibration or shock that occurs on the surface of the earth. Ordinary earthquakes caused by the movement of the earth's crust (plates of the earth). The word earthquake is also used to indicate the origin of the earthquake occurrence. Our earth, although solid, always moving, and an earthquake occurs when the pressure is happening because the movement was already too large to be arrested.

Type earthquake
1. Volcanic earthquakes (Gunung Api); these earthquakes are the result of magma activity, which usually occurs before the volcano erupted. If the higher activeness will cause an explosion that also will cause the occurrence of earthquakes. Earthquake is only felt around the volcano.

2. Tectonic earthquake; earthquake of this is due to the existence of tectonic activity, the tectonic plates shifting plates suddenly had the power of the very small to very large. This earthquake generated a lot of damage or natural disasters on earth, vibrations of a strong earthquake could spread into other parts of the earth.
Tectonic earthquake caused by perlepasan [power] is happening because the tectonic plates shifting plate like rubber bands pulled and released abruptly. Energy generated by the pressure between the rock known as tectonic disability. The theory of plate tectonics (plate tectonics) explains that the earth consists of several layers of rock, most areas of the crust will float and float in layers like snow. Stir gently layer so divided in pieces and collided with each other. This is what causes tectonic earthquake. [1] tectonic earthquake was unique. Follow the pattern of distribution maps and specific rules and narrow, which follow the pattern of meetings of tectonic plates that make up the crust of the earth. In earth science (geology), the theoretical framework of plate tectonics is postulated to explain the phenomena of tectonic earthquake that hit almost the entire region, adjacent to the boundaries of tectonic plates meeting. Example is like a tectonic earthquake that occurred in Yogyakarta, Indonesia on Saturday, May 27, 2006 in the morning, at 05.54 pm, [2]

3. Earthquake debris; Gempabumi This usually occurs in limestone areas or in mining areas, earthquakes are rare and localized.

4. Artificial earthquake; is the artificial earthquake earthquakes caused by human activities, such as dynamite explosions, nuclear or hammers that struck the earth's surface.

The cause of an earthquake
Most earthquakes result from the release of energy generated by the pressure by the moving plates. The longer the growing pressure and eventually reached the state where the pressure can not be arrested again by the edge of the plate. At that moment an earthquake is going to happen.
Earthquakes usually happen at plate boundaries such plates. Earthquakes are usually the worst happens on the border of compressional and translational plate. Focus on earthquake likely to occur because the material is sandwiched layer of the lithosphere into a phase transition at a depth of more than 600 km.

Several other earthquakes can also occur due to movement of magma inside the volcano. Such an earthquake could be symptoms of impending volcanic eruptions. Several earthquakes (but rarely) also occur because of accumulated mass of water behind huge dams, such as the Caribbean Dam in Zambia, Africa. Some more (also rare) may also occur due to fluid injection or akstraksi from / to the earth (eg at several power plants and geothermal power in the Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Finally, earthquakes can also occur from detonation of explosives. It can create scientists monitor secret nuclear weapons tests conducted by government. The earthquake that caused by people like this is called induced seismisitas

Here are instructions to hold wherever you are.

In the house
Vibration will be felt for a moment. During that period, you should seek the safety of yourself and your family. Go to the bottom of the table to protect your body from dropping objects. If you do not have a table, cover your head with a pillow.

If you're lighting the stove, then turn off immediately to prevent fires.

At school
Seek refuge under the table, cover her head with a bag or a book, do not panic, if the quake eased out sequentially starting from the farthest distance to the door, look for the field, do not stand near buildings, poles and trees.

Outdoors
Protect to you and avoid dangerous objects. In the office area or industrial areas, the danger could arise from the collapse of the glass and publicity boards. Protect your head by using hands, purse or whatever you bring.

In buildings, malls, cinemas, and the ground floor mall
Do not cause panic or a victim of panic. Follow all instructions from officers or security guards.

In the elevator
Do not use the elevator during an earthquake or fire. If you feel the vibrations of an earthquake while in the elevator, then press any key. When the elevator stops, get out, see the safety and Evacuate. If you are stuck in an elevator, please contact the building manager by using the Global Positioning if available.

On the train
Hold on tight to the pole so you will not fall if the train suddenly stopped. Be calm following the explanation of the train staff. Misunderstand the information officer or station wagon will cause panic.

In the car
When a large earthquake occurs, you will feel as if you are bald wheels. You will lose control of the car and hard to control it. Stay away from the crossing, marginalized your car to the left of the road and stop. Follow the instructions from the car radio. If you must evacuate it out of the car, leave the car unlocked.

Causes Earthquake occurrence
1. Due to the movement of tectonic processes of skin / plate earth
2. Fault activity on the surface of the earth
3. Geomorphology movement locally, for example, occurs debris land
4. Volcanic activity
5. Nuclear explosion

Mechanism of destruction due to earthquake vibrations dirambatkan energy to all parts of the earth. On the surface of the earth, the vibrations can cause damage and collapse of buildings that can cause loss of life. Earthquake vibrations can also trigger landslides, rock debris, and damage to other land damage settlements. The earthquake also caused a fire disaster follow-up, industrial and transportation accidents and flooding caused by the collapse of a dam or other retaining dike.

Symptoms and Early Warning
• Genesis sudden / suddenly
• There are currently no method to accurately estimate

In the Translate from Gudang Informasi by TomieDLuffy